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DANIEL GREENLEAEO VICKSBRG, MISSISSIPPI.

` ELASTIGfVENTILATING-HAT.

Y' Specification' of Letters'lEatent No. i90, -date'dSNovemberr26,- 1836.

To all; whom it may concern Be it'knownthat I, DANIEL' GREENLEAF, residing near Vicksburg, in the county ,of

" Warren wand i State Lof' Mississippig have' invented new and useful ImprovementsUpon Hats andUpon the `Mode fof Constructing y keeping the head. cool, and Ipreserving the head fitting` closelyand easily thereto, and, pressing equally upon all parts of thehead.

hair,` and general'health of the wearer by hollow cones, and movable cushions, which is effected without: danger of getting the .he'ad'wetted in time (of'rain.K Second, in ,adapting Athe same hatto heads of almost every size by a power of contractingand lexpanding the mouth of the crowuwhich is -gainedby means-of the hollow ventilators.

Third, in the elasticity 'and pliability of that part vof the crown whichrests upon the alike, which is effected by the application of a spring band madesof india rubber, wire, or other elastic material, and, fourth, in attaching to the hat in front a metallic circulating card upon which to be engraved the name, occupation, and residence of the owner, for the double purpose of enabling him facility to distinguish his hat from others; and of enabling persons who may have business with him easily and readily to recognize him.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my inventions, I will proceed to describe their construction and the several parts thereof, referring for that purpose to the accompanying drawing.

I construct my hat block in any of the known forms, adding thereto two triangular cones, placing one on the right, and the other on the left side. I attach the base of the cones to the lower edge of the block and cause them to come to a point midway the height of the block. Upon this block I construct my hat of any of the known materials forming when done, including the crown, brim, and conical ventilators, one connected and continuous whole.

For a more particular description I refer to Figure l, which represents a side view of my hat. I make it of the bell crown form which is preferable for the reason that in connection with the conical ventilators attach'ed thereto, the proportions will -be more symmetrical. "-Airepresents one ofthe two ventilators. I placethem` on the-right and leit-'of1t-he crown,-and they-form afpartof the crown and brim, being solidly connected -in the structure with both."""] heV sides-of the --ventilatorfof the-base, b to c, Iwmake'threequarters fof A an Iinch wide, butl `they Imay be increased orf;` diminished Haccordingf to v the size ffof the crown and width Sof* the brim. Iv` make the -lengthof `the ventilator, 0 to d,

vto extend midway the height "of the crown andthereto come to a point, butthelength .may be varied.

Fig 2,*givesa view of-theunder part-'of -my hat,-and a -partialview of the in`side E; E, represent the mouths of the ventilators which forman open triangular passage for the circulation of they air and lead from the -l-ower part 4of' the brim on either side to the inside lof the crown.v These ventilatorsv may be placed beforev 'and behindv instead of at the sides-,pr Vmay Vbe increased 1in number two to fourlor more as the varying fashion vofthe time may dictate. *This-kindof venti- Alator-mayl also `bemade to takevv its beginning above the brim leaving space yenough between its base and the brim of the hat for the band, which was the first Inode I devised, but I considered it inferior because the second and third items of my invention could not be used in connection with it. F, F, represent two of four small ventilating cushions. I make each of them two and a quarter inches long, three-quarters wide, and three-eighths of an inch thick, but they may be varied both in their number and dimensions. I construct them of two pieces of leather, the under vone being thin, but rather stiff, and the upper one being of buckskin or other soft material, stitch them round, and stuff with wool so as that the part which lies neXt to the lining of the hat is flat, and fits smooth, and that part which comes in contact with the head is prominent and rounded off. h, represents one of four buttons (similar to metallic collar buttons, made of gold, silver, or baser metal, with which I fasten the movable cushions Yto the lining, the buttonholesthrough which they pass being lined and stitched. z', points out the lower ends of the cushions to which I fastenthin flat, single or double metallic hooks, which I hook into the leather lining when the cushions are to be used for Ventilating in warm weather,

'and4 unhook and turn up or take off and lay aside in cold weather. The tting of theV hat is not affected by this buttoning and hooking on and taking ofi' the cushions, its size being made to adapt itself to the head by the aid of an elastic band, and suicient room in the hollow of the ventilators for the contraction or expansion of the circumference of the crown. These cushions form a further 'means of efi'ectually and thoroughly Ventilating the crown of `the hat, ,thereby keeping the head cool and preventing disease.

Figl, represents the elastic band; the part of it marked lc, c, I make of that kind of material of' which gum elastic Suspenders are made, but it may be made with wire1 springs or other elastic material. In length this part of the band is not made quite long enough to reach around the hat once, and I pass it through the hollow ventilators at E, E, (Fig. 2) first making'an opening through them with a sharp instrument for that purpose. L, L, represent the ends of the gum elastic bands, to which are sewed the usual kind of hat band ribbons suiiiciently long being passed through the metallic cord at M, and Yturned back to extend -around the hat, and buckled together behind. M, represents a silver or gold plate with openings in the ends to receive the ribbons which I place in front and upon which is to be engraved the owners name, occupation, and place of residence, or in lieu thereof, if the wearer has no wish to advertise himself, a ring or buckle without a ,tongue mav be used through which the ends of the hat' band ribbon N, N, being passed in like manner as through the plate, they turn back, `and follow the outside of the 1 cushions.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The two ki ds of ventilators, by means of which there is a' constant introduction of fresh air to the head while the hat is upon it.

2. A power of contracting or expanding the crown of the hat, so as to make the same hat fit heads of different sizes, as above described. V I

3. rIhe application to the crown of the ha of a spring band which will cause it to fit closely and set easily, pressing equally upon all the parts of the head at the same time.

4. The metallic circulating card placed upon the front of the hat, the utility of which in a country where the facilities of traveling are so great, and where there is consequently a constant mixing together of strangers, is too apparent to need Comment.

SAML. STETTINENS, WM. P. ELLIOT. 

